PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY STUDIES OF THE LEAVES OF ALLOPHYLUS AFRICANUS BEAUV (SAPINDACEAE)
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated some pharmacognostic standards and anti-inflammatory activity of the leaves of Allophylus africanus Beauv (Sapindaceae). The plant has a wide distribution in West Africa, with Nigeria (Mambila Plateau, Calabar) inclusive. It has been used in communities for both its medicinal and economic importance. Traditionally, the boiled bark, root and leaves are used in aches, fever and rheumatic pains and economically, the wood is a good source of building materials, and as insect plants. The aim of the study was to determine some pharmacognostic parameters of A. africanus leaves and profer scientific basis for its use in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Methods used included macroscopic, microscopic, chemo microscopic, physical constant, water and alcohol extractive values determination and carrageenan induced paw edema study in Wister rats. Results of the study revealed the presence of anomocytic stomata, polygonal epidermal cells with straight anticlinal walls on the abaxial surface and irregular shaped epidermal cells with wavy anticlinal walls on the adaxial surface. The physical constants evaluated were moisture contents (7.8%), total ash value (7.0%), water soluble ash (1.0%), acid insoluble ash (1.5%), water extractive (16.6%) and ethanol extractive value (9.4%) respectively. Phytochemical screening on the methanolic leaf extract revealed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids and triterpenes, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. Acute toxicity study showed the plant to have an LD50 of 3,807 mg/kg body weight ( p.o) in rats. The methanolic leaves extract at doses 250 and 1000 mg/kg was found to produce significant anti-inflammatory effect at the 3rd, 4th and 5th hour with the effect being dose dependent at the 4th and 5th hour. Thin layer chromatographic analysis of the fractions of the leaves extract showed the presence of some chemical constituents in the leaves extract specifically flavonoids, steroids and triterpenes. The results provide some vii pharmacognostic standards for the plant and scientific basis for the traditional use of the leaves in the treatment of inflammation and inflammatory disorders.
Related Project Materials
GENDER DIFFERENTIALS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE
ABSTRACT
This study was undertaken to ascertain if there is any significant difference in the level of achievement of ge...
PAEDAGOGICAL-CAPACITY BUILDING NEEDS OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE TEACHERS FOR EFFECTIVE LESSON DELIVERY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the paedagogical-capacity building needs of agricultural science teachers for effective lesson delivery in s...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ATTITUDE OF TEACHERS TOWARDS GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING PROGRAMMES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
This study is aimed at identifying an assessment of the attitude of teachers towards guidance...
CO-OPERATIVE EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA
EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY
Education is very important among all of us, the fact which is commonly nothing to deny among any...
Intra Gender Subjugation in Selected African Female Writers’ Novels
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The issue of gender inequality between sexes has remained a topic of serious debate in African literature. A sign...
IMPACT OF EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY
ABSTRACT
The study is focused on the impact of employee motivation on organizational productivity.(A Case Study of PHCN Okpara Avenue). T...
THE EFFECTS OF THE NEW SALARY SCHEME ON TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE
Abstract
This research work evaluated the effects of the new salary scheme on teachers’ performan...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRINCIPALS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND ITS IMPACT ON TEACHERS JOB PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN CALABAR MUNICIPALITY
Background Of Study
The current economic crisis that has hit the Nigerian nation has been so severe tha...
THE EFFECTS OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL MANUFACTURING COMPANIES
Background of the Study
Inventories are vital to the successful functioning of manufacturing and retail...
ROLE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Abstract
It could be affirmative to say that the index for measuring any growing economy’s advanc...
